Masu lura da masana'antu sun yi nuni da cewa hauhawar farashin kayayyaki, da shawo kan annoba, da karuwar sabbin jiragen ruwa, da ke haifar da karuwar sararin jigilar kayayyaki da raguwar yawan kayayyaki, su ne muhimman abubuwa guda uku da ya kamata a ci gaba da yin la'akari da halin da ake ciki a kololuwar gargajiya. kakar.
1. Farashin jigilar kaya ya ragu tsawon shekaru takwas a jere
Kamfanin hada-hadar sufurin jiragen ruwa na Shanghai ya sanar da cewa, sabon ma'aunin SCFI ya ci gaba da raguwar maki 148.13 zuwa maki 3739.72, ya ragu da kashi 3.81%, ya fado tsawon makonni takwas a jere.Sake rubuta sabon ƙarami tun tsakiyar watan Yunin bara, hanyoyin huɗun masu nisa sun faɗi daidai gwargwado, daga cikinsu hanyar Turai da ta yammacin Amurka sun faɗi ƙasa kaɗan, tare da raguwar mako-mako na 4.61% da 12.60% bi da bi.
Sabuwar fihirisar SCFI tana nuna:
- Farashin jigilar kayayyaki daga Shanghai zuwa Turai ya kai dalar Amurka 5166, ya ragu da dalar Amurka 250 a wannan mako, ya ragu da kashi 3.81%;
- layin Bahar Rum ya kasance $5971 a kowane akwati, saukar da $119 a wannan makon, ya ragu da 1.99%;
- Adadin jigilar kaya na kowane akwati mai ƙafa 40 a Yammacin Amurka ya kasance dalar Amurka 6499, ƙasa da dalar Amurka 195 a wannan makon, ƙasa da kashi 2.91%;
- Adadin jigilar kaya na kowane akwati mai ƙafa 40 a Gabashin Amurka ya kasance dalar Amurka 9330, ƙasa da dalar Amurka 18 a wannan makon, ƙasa da 0.19%;
- Adadin jigilar kayayyaki na Layin Kudancin Amurka (Santos) shine US $9531 kowace harka, sama da $92 US a mako, ko 0.97%;
- Farashin jigilar kayayyaki na hanyar Gulf Persian shine US $ 2601 / TEU, ƙasa da 6.7% daga lokacin da ya gabata;
- Farashin jigilar kayayyaki na layin Kudu maso Gabashin Asiya (Singapore) ya kasance dalar Amurka 846 a kowace shari'a, ya ragu da dalar Amurka 122 a wannan makon, ko kuma 12.60%.
Ma'aunin jigilar kaya na duniya Drury (WCI) ya faɗi tsawon makonni 22 a jere, tare da raguwar 2%, wanda aka sake faɗaɗa idan aka kwatanta da makonni biyu da suka gabata.
Ningbo Shipping Exchange ya fito da cewa sabuwar ncfi index ta rufe a 2912.4, ƙasa da 4.1% daga makon da ya gabata.
Daga cikin hanyoyin guda 21, ma'aunin jigilar kayayyaki na hanya daya ya karu, kuma ma'aunin jigilar kayayyaki na hanyoyi 20 ya ragu.Daga cikin manyan tashoshin jiragen ruwa da ke gefen "Hanyar siliki ta teku", ƙimar jigilar kayayyaki ta tashar jiragen ruwa ɗaya ta tashi kuma ma'aunin ƙimar jigilar tashar jiragen ruwa 15 ya faɗi.
Mahimman alamomin hanya sune kamar haka:
- Hanyar ƙasa ta Turai: Hanyar ƙasa ta Turai tana kula da yanayin wadata da buƙatu, kuma yawan jigilar kayayyaki na kasuwa yana ci gaba da faɗuwa, kuma raguwa ya faɗaɗa.
- Hanyar Arewacin Amirka: Ma'aunin jigilar kaya na hanyar gabas ta Amurka shine maki 3207.5, ƙasa da 0.5% daga makon da ya gabata;Ma'aunin jigilar kaya na hanyar yammacin Amurka ya kasance maki 3535.7, ƙasa da kashi 5.0% daga makon da ya gabata.
- Hanyar Gabas ta Tsakiya: Ma'anar hanyar gabas ta tsakiya shine maki 1988.9, ƙasa da 9.8% daga makon da ya gabata.
Masu sharhi na ganin cewa, tare da daidaita yanayin rigakafin cutar da kuma shawo kan cutar, yana da kyau farashin jigilar kayayyaki na kasa da kasa ya ragu a hankali a bana.An samu raguwar saurin faduwa na baya-bayan nan sakamakon abubuwa kamar inganta ingancin jigilar kayayyaki, raguwar bukatar gida da waje, faduwar farashin mai na kasa da kasa, da karuwar karfin sufuri.
2. Cunkoson tashar jiragen ruwa har yanzu yana da tsanani
Bugu da kari, har yanzu akwai cunkoson tashar jiragen ruwa.A watan Mayu da Yuni, tashoshin jiragen ruwa na Turai sun kasance suna cunkoso, kuma cunkoson da ke yammacin gabar tekun Amurka bai ragu sosai ba.
Ya zuwa ranar 30 ga watan Yuni, kashi 36.2% na jiragen dakon kaya na duniya sun makale a tashoshin jiragen ruwa saboda yajin aikin ma'aikata, yanayin zafi da wasu dalilai.An katange sarkar samar da kayayyaki kuma an iyakance ikon sufuri, wanda ya samar da wani tallafi don ƙimar kaya a cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci.Kodayake farashin jigilar kayayyaki ya ragu, har yanzu yana kan matsayi mai girma.
Yawan kwantena na hanyoyin kasuwanci daga gabas mai nisa zuwa Amurka na ci gaba da tafiya daga yamma zuwa gabas, kuma adadin kwantenan da tashoshin jiragen ruwa na gabacin Amurka ya karu a bana.Wannan sauyin dai ya haifar da cunkoso a tashoshin jiragen ruwa dake gabar tekun gabas.
George Griffiths, editan babban jami'in jigilar kayayyaki na duniya na S & P, ya ce har yanzu tashoshin jiragen ruwa da ke gabar tekun gabas na cikin cunkoso, kuma tashar jiragen ruwa na Savannah na fuskantar matsin lamba na yawan shigo da kayayyaki da kuma jinkirin jiragen ruwa.
Sai dai sakamakon zanga-zangar da direbobin manyan motoci ke yi a yammacin Amurka, har yanzu tashar jiragen ruwa tana toshewa, kuma wasu masu kayan dakon kaya suna juya kayansu zuwa gabashin Amurka.Gilashin da ke cikin sarkar samar da kayayyaki har yanzu yana taimakawa wajen kula da yawan jigilar kayayyaki a matakin da ya dace.
Bisa binciken da aka yi na mai jigilar kayayyaki na Amurka kan zirga-zirgar jiragen ruwa da kuma bayanan jigilar jiragen ruwa, a ƙarshen Yuli, adadin jiragen ruwa da ke jira a tashoshin jiragen ruwa na Arewacin Amirka ya zarce 150. Wannan adadi yana canzawa a kowace rana kuma a yanzu yana 15% ƙasa da kololuwar, amma har yanzu yana da girma. a kowane lokaci mafi girma.
Tun daga safiyar ranar 8 ga Agusta, jimillar jiragen ruwa 130 suna jira a wajen tashar jiragen ruwa, wanda kashi 71% na gabar tekun gabas da gabar tekun Gulf, kuma 29% na gabar tekun yamma.
Bisa ga bayanan, akwai jiragen ruwa 19 da ke jiran yin jigilar kayayyaki a wajen tashar jiragen ruwa na New York New Jersey, yayin da adadin jiragen da ke jiran aiki a tashar jiragen ruwa na Savannah ya haura fiye da 40. Wadannan tashoshi biyu sune na farko da na biyu mafi girma a tashar jiragen ruwa. bakin tekun gabas.
Idan aka kwatanta da lokacin kololuwa, cunkoson da ake samu a yammacin tashar jiragen ruwa na Amurka ya samu sauki, sannan kuma yawan lokutan aiki ya karu, inda ya kai matsayi mafi girma (24.8%) cikin fiye da shekara guda.Bugu da ƙari, matsakaicin lokacin jinkiri na jiragen ruwa shine kwanaki 9.9, wanda ya fi na gabas gabas.
Patrick Jany, babban jami'in kudi na Maersk, ya ce farashin kaya na iya raguwa a cikin watanni masu zuwa.Lokacin da koma baya na farashin kaya ya tsaya, zai daidaita a matsayi mafi girma fiye da kafin annobar.
Detlef trefzger, Shugaba na Dexun, ya yi hasashen cewa a ƙarshe farashin kayan zai daidaita a matakin sau 2 zuwa 3 kafin barkewar cutar.
Mason's Cox ya ce ana daidaita farashin kayan dakon kaya a hankali a hankali, kuma ba za a sami raguwar faduwa ba.Kamfanonin layi za su ci gaba da saka hannun jari gabaɗaya ko kusan duk ƙarfinsu akan hanyar.
Lokacin aikawa: Agusta-15-2022